AMU 2026 — Computer PYQ

Q: How do I solve AMU 2026 Computer questions?

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Question

AMU 2026 — Computer PYQ

AMU | Computer | 2026

which one of the following types of semiconductor memory is used as the main memory in a computer?

Choose the correct answer:

Explanation

1. Understanding Main Memory (RAM)

The main memory (or primary memory) of a computer system must hold data and programs that the CPU is currently executing. It needs to be relatively inexpensive to manufacture in large capacities (like $8 GB$ , $16 GB$ , or $32 GB$ ) while maintaining fast read/write speeds.

2. Analysis of the Semiconductor Memory Options

(b) Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM): DRAM stores each bit of data inside a separate tiny capacitor and a transistor. Because capacitors naturally leak charge, DRAM requires a continuous refresh cycle to retain its data. Despite this requirement, its simple internal design allows for ultra-high storage density and a significantly lower cost per bit compared to SRAM. This makes DRAM the ideal choice for a computer's Main Memory (RAM).
(a) Static Random Access Memory (SRAM): SRAM uses flip-flops (typically $6$ transistors per cell) to store data. It does not need to be refreshed and is exceptionally fast. However, it is highly complex to manufacture, expensive, and takes up a large physical area. Therefore, it is used in smaller capacities for high-speed Cache Memory ( $L 1, L 2, L 3$ ) rather than main memory.
(c) Programmable Read-only Memory (PROM): PROM is a type of non-volatile memory that can be programmed digitally after manufacture. Because its contents cannot be written to rapidly and dynamically during runtime by the CPU, it cannot function as operational main memory. It is generally used to store permanent firmware like the BIOS.
(d) Flash Memory: Flash memory is a non-volatile storage medium used primarily in Solid State Drives (SSDs), USB drives, and SD cards. While it is faster than mechanical hard drives, its access speeds are far too slow to directly keep up with modern CPU clock cycles as primary operational memory.

Comparison Summary

Memory Type	Component Unit	Speed	Cost and Density	Primary Role
SRAM	Flip-flops ( $6$ Transistors)	Extremely Fast	Expensive / Low Density	Cache Memory
DRAM	$1$ Capacitor + $1$ Transistor	Fast	Inexpensive / High Density	Main Memory (RAM)

Correct Answer

The correct option is (b) Dynamic Random Memory (DRAM).