WBJECA 2025 — Computer PYQ

Black-box Testing is a method where the software is tested without knowledge of its internal structure, code, or implementation details. The tester focuses solely on inputs and outputs, ensuring that the system functions according to its requirements or specifications. It acts as if the system is a "black box" where only the outside is visible.

In contrast, the other options involve knowledge of the internal code:

• White-box Testing (D) (also known as Structural Testing (C)) is the exact opposite; it requires full knowledge of the source code and internal logic to verify paths, branches, and statements.

• Unit Testing (B) is typically a white-box technique where individual units or components of the code are tested by developers who have access to that code.

In software engineering, the relationship between testing and code visibility can be represented by the following conceptual logic:

$$\text{Testing Visibility}=\{\begin{array}{ll}\text{Hidden}& amp;\text{if Black-box Testing}\\ \text{Visible}& amp;\text{if White-box/Structural Testing}\end{array}$$