Explanation
To find the simplified switching expression, we map the given minterms {1,4,5,9,11,12} onto a 4-variable Karnaugh Map (K-Map).
K-Map Representation:
| AB\CD |
00 |
01 |
11 |
10 |
| 00 |
0 |
1 (m1) |
0 |
0 |
| 01 |
1 (m4) |
1 (m5) |
0 |
0 |
| 11 |
1 (m12) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| 10 |
0 |
1 (m9) |
1 (m11) |
0 |
Grouping the Minterms:
-
Group 1 (m4, m5): This is a pair in the second row. A=0,B=1 are constant, and C=0 is constant. The expression is ABC. Wait, let's look at the options provided. The options suggest a different grouping or a Sum of Products (SOP) that isn't fully minimized or uses different overlaps.
-
Checking Option (a): Let's verify if the terms in option (a) cover the minterms.
-
BCD covers {4,12}.
-
ACD covers {1,5}.
-
ABD covers {9,11}.
-
Combined: {1,4,5,9,11,12}. This perfectly matches the given function.
Conclusion:
Option (a) correctly represents the switching expression as it covers all the specified minterms exactly.