Explanation
Solution
The mathematical formula for variance (σ2) is:
To reach this formula, we must follow these logical steps:
Step 1: Compute the Mean (A)
First, you must calculate the average (Xˉ) of all the given data points.
Step 2: Calculate Deviations (D)
Once you have the mean, find out how far each individual observation (xi) is from that mean. This is called the deviation.
Step 3: Square and Sum the Deviations (B)
Square each of those deviations to make them positive and then add them all together to get the "Sum of Squares."
Step 4: Divide by the Number of Observations (C)
Finally, divide that total sum by the number of observations (n) to find the average squared deviation, which is the variance.
Correct Sequence: A → D → B → C
Correct Option: (b)