CUET PG 2021 — Computer PYQ

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Question

CUET PG 2021 — Computer PYQ

CUET PG | Computer | 2021

What is the difference between a shift-right register and a shift-left register?

Choose the correct answer:

Explanation

1. Shift-Left Register

Data moves from the Least Significant Bit (LSB) toward the Most Significant Bit (MSB).

The Mathematical Operation:

\text{Output} = \text{Input} \times 2^n

(Where $n$ is the number of positions shifted)

2. Shift-Right Register

Data moves from the Most Significant Bit (MSB) toward the Least Significant Bit (LSB).

The Mathematical Operation:

\text{Output} = \frac{\text{Input}}{2^n}

(This performs integer division by 2)

Comparison Table

Feature	Shift-Left Register	Shift-Right Register
Direction	$LSB \rightarrow MSB$	$MSB \rightarrow LSB$
Arithmetic Effect	Multiplication by 2	Division by 2
Data Entry	Rightmost flip-flop	Leftmost flip-flop
Bit Dropped	MSB is discarded	LSB is discarded

Logical Implementation

In a chain of D Flip-flops ( $Q_0, Q_1, Q_2, ...$ ), the connection equation determines the direction:

For Shift-Left: The output of a stage is connected to the input of the stage to its left:

$D_{i+1} = Q_i$
For Shift-Right: The output of a stage is connected to the input of the stage to its right:

$D_{i-1} = Q_i$

Example (4-bit Register)

If the current data is $0010$ (Decimal 2):

Shift-Left: Becomes $0100$ (Decimal 4) $\rightarrow$ Value Doubled
Shift-Right: Becomes $0001$ (Decimal 1) $\rightarrow$ Value Halved