Explanation
A. Critical Region: This is associated with Mutual Exclusion. Critical regions are parts of the code where shared resources are accessed, and mutual exclusion ensures that only one process can enter the critical region at a time.
B. Working Set: This is associated with the Principle of Locality. The working set model is based on the principle of locality, which states that a program will tend to use a relatively small subset of its pages frequently.
C. Deadlock: This is associated with Circular Wait. Circular wait is one of the necessary conditions for a deadlock to occur.
D. Wait/signal: This is associated with Condition Variable. The wait/signal mechanism is used in condition variables to synchronize processes.
So, the correct matching is:
A. Critical Region - IV. Mutual Exclusion
B. Working Set - III. Principle of Locality
C. Deadlock - I. Circular Wait
D. Wait/signal - II. Condition Variable
