Explanation
To solve this, we represent the relationships between the groups: Young Scientists (YS), Open-minded (OM), and Superstitious (S).
1. Analyze the Statements:
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Statement I: All YS are OM. This means the set of Young Scientists is a subset of Open-minded people.
YS⊆OM
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Statement II: No OM are S. This means there is no intersection between the Open-minded group and the Superstitious group.
OM∩S=∅
2. Evaluate Conclusion I:
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Conclusion: No scientist is superstitious.
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Analysis: Statement I specifically mentions "young scientists." We have no information about scientists who are not young (old or middle-aged scientists). While young scientists are definitely not superstitious (since they are open-minded), we cannot make a general claim about all scientists.
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Status: Does not follow.
3. Evaluate Conclusion II:
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Conclusion: No young people are superstitious.
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Analysis: Statement I only discusses "young scientists." We have no information about "young people" who are not scientists (e.g., young artists, young athletes). Therefore, we cannot conclude that all young people are not superstitious.
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Status: Does not follow.
Conclusion
Both conclusions try to make broad generalizations ("All scientists" or "All young people") based on a very specific group ("Young scientists"). Since the premises do not provide information about the broader categories, neither conclusion is logically certain.
Correct Option: (B) Neither I nor II follows
